Power take-off
A splined drive shaft is most commonly found on a tractor or truck, but semi-permanently mounted power take-offs can also be found on industrial and marine engines, and an accessory drive can be used in conjunction with a constant speed drive in aircraft applications.
History
In 1920, IHC offered the PTO option on their 15-30 tractor, and it was the first PTO-equipped tractor to be submitted for a Nebraska tractor test. The PTO was a competitive advantage for IHC in the 1920s, and most PTOs built today[when?] are live.
Safety
Power take-off entanglements are an example of agricultural events that can result in death or permanent disability; some implements use light free-spinning protective plastic guards to enshroud the PTO shaft, and the Health and Safety Executive provides guidance in the form of a leaflet in the United Kingdom.
Technical standardization
The ISO 500 standard for PTOs calls for operation at 540 revolutions per minute (rpm). A shaft rotating at 540 rpm has six splines and a diameter of 1 3u20448 inches (350mm). The first industry standard for PTO design was adopted by ASAE in 1927. A 10-spline type was used with some early equipment such as the 1948 Land Rover.
Use on commercial vehicles
The PTO is engaged and disengaged using the main transmission clutch and a remote control mechanism, and different models will offer different “PTO shaft rotation to engine RPM” ratios. Most Unimogs come with front and/or rear PTOs and hydraulics, as well as three point hitch systems.
Split shaft
A split shaft PTO is mounted to the truck’s drive shaft, with the gearbox-facing shaft transmitting the engine’s power to the PTO. Because the PTO can only be used while the vehicle is moving, 4×4 drive systems must be available.
“Sandwich” split shaft
A “sandwich” type split shaft unit is mounted between the engine and transmission and is commonly found on road maintenance vehicles, fire trucks, and off-road vehicles. This unit receives drive directly from the engine shaft and can deliver up to the full engine power to the PTO. These units usually come with their own lubrication system.
References
NASA Technical Memorandum 101731; Monitoring Techniques for the “X-29A Aircraft’s High Speed Rotating Power Takeoff Shaft”; David F Voracek, Ames Research Center, Dryden Flight Research Facility, Edwards, California, December 1990 nasa.gov
Bibliography
Pripps, Robert N.; Morland, Andrew (photographer) (1993), Farmall Tractors: History of International McCormick-Deering Farmall Tractors, Farm Tractor Color History Series, Osceola, WI, USA: MBI, ISBN 978-0-87938-763-1. Wikimedia Commons has media related to Power take-offs.
What does PTO stand for on a semi truck?
PTOs (power take-offs) are mechanical gearboxes that attach to apertures on truck transmissions and are used to transfer engine power to auxiliary components, most commonly a hydraulic pump.
How does a PTO work?
PTO (Power Take Off) generates power by switching the engine rotation to “Hydraulic.” Hydraulic pressure is a mechanism that uses a fluid called hydraulic fluid as an energy transmission medium. Hydraulic has the advantage of being able to move large objects with little power, so PTO is used on a variety of work vehicles.
What is the PTO speed?
PTO speed is expressed as a percentage of engine speed; for example, if the required pump speed is 1000 RPM and the engine operating speed is 1500 RPM, the percentage of PTO to engine speed is approximately two-thirds, or 67% (e.g. 1000/1500 = 66.67, or 67%).
How many types of PTO are there?
Mechanical and hydraulic PTOs are the two main types of independent PTOs. A mechanical-independent PTO has a separate on-off selector in addition to the PTO control lever.
What is PTO slang for?
P.T.O., p.t.o. : a block of hours that combines all of an employee’s paid sick days, personal days, and vacation time; also P.T.O., p.t.o. : a block of hours that combines all of an employee’s paid sick days, personal days, and vacation time; also P.T.O., p.t.o. : a block
Is PTO the same as vacation?
Employees often use the terms PTO and vacation interchangeably, but they’re not the same thing. PTO refers to any time an employee is paid while away from worku2014it’s a broader term than “vacation.” Think of it this way: all vacation is PTO, but not all PTO is vacation.
How much PTO is normal?
According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), the average number of PTO days for private sector employees who have completed one year of service is ten (10) days, rounded to the nearest whole number (it’s actually 9.7 days). This number does not include sick days or paid holidays.
How many days is 80 hours of PTO?
Total days worked per year = 250 (50 weeks x 5 days) PTO for full-time schedule = 80 hours
Is PTO included in salary?
No, you must pay the employee for the entire week’s 40 hours; it’s called Paid Time Off (PTO) because the employee is compensated for the time they’ve taken off; you can deduct 8 hours from their PTO balance, but the total pay remains the same.
How do I know my PTO speed?
For example, if the required speed for a pump is 1,000 rpm and the engine operating speed is 1,500 rpm, the percentage of PTO speed to engine speed is roughly two-thirds, or about 67 percent.
What happens when you get caught in a PTO shaft?
If the power take-off drive unit turns at 1,000 RPM, a person caught in it could spin at 16 2/3 times per second, and the accident could be fatal if the weight of the person caught in the PTO shaft did not cause a slow-moving tractor engine to stall.
What is 1000 rpm PTO used for?
Use the 35-mm (1-3/8-in.) 1000-rpm PTO shaft on implements that require less than 150 PTO hp, such as manure spreaders and rotary cutters; use the 1000-rpm PTO shaft on implements that require less than 150 PTO hp, such as grain carts, rotavators, and silage choppers.
Do all tractors have PTO?
The information you’ve learned so far about PTO may have led you to believe that it’s only for certain types of tractors, or that it’s for all tractors. It’s natural to wonder if you’ll find PTO on every tractor you come across, and the answer is yes. Almost all modern tractors have PTO.
How many types of PTO are in a tractor?
The Independent PTO comes in two varieties: mechanical and hydraulic.